Difference between revisions of "Glossary"

|AntiSamy is a sanitization framework; it is up to the userhow it does its sanitization. Using AntiSamy does not guarantee filtering ofall malicious code. AntiSamy simply does what is described by the policy file.

|The Apache HTTP Server is a Web server application notablefor playing a key role in the initial growth of the Web.

|Application Programming Interface is a specificationintended to be used as an interface by software components to communicate witheach other. SmartSimple supports two different APIs:

*Web Service to support server to server communication viathe Internet – Apache Axis2 based.

*Browser based communication to the Server - Ajax basednamed Pandora.

|A Unix shell written for the GNU Project (a mass softwarecollaboration) as a free software replacement for the Bourne shell. Released in1989, it has been distributed widely as the shell for the GNU operating systemand as a default shell on Linux and Mac OS X.

|Internet-based computing where large groups of remoteservers are networked to allow sharing of data-processing tasks, centralizeddata storage and online access to computer services or resources.

|A Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the hardware inside acomputer that carries out the instructions of programs by performing the basicarithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system.  

|Contact Relationship Management. Can also stand forCustomer Relationship Management or Constituent Relationship Management. Themost popular CRM cloud service is Salesforce.com.

|Cascading Style Sheets. Used in conjunction with web pages to define how the pages should bepresented in the browser.

|While not exactly a technical term, CV is commonly used ina variety of applications and by a variety of organizations in reference to aperson's or organizations "Curriculum Vitae", an elaboration ofaccomplishments - rather like a resume.

|A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) or denial of service(DoS) attack is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable toits intended users.

| A Domain Name System (DNS) Server is a computer hardwareor software server that implements a network service for providing responses toqueries against a directory service - much like a phone book for websiteaddresses.

|In SmartSimple terms, an entity is a record of a person,organization or item. Each entity is designated Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 inour Universal Tracking Application (UTA) based on whether it is a primary orsecondary activity:

*Level 1 - Level 1 represents the item to be tracked, forexample, a project or a case.

*Level 3 - Level 3 is, in turn, a sub-entity of a Level 2entity.

|SmartSimple's automated server process that handles systememails, workflows and other activities.

|Hyper Text Mark-up Language.  A Meta language that determines theformatting of web pages.

|Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Hypertext Transfer ProtocolSecure.  The protocol used to transferweb pages from a web server to a browser. The '''S''' indicates that the communication is encrypted using SSL.

|A single copy of SmartSimple. Each SmartSimple customer hasaccess to two instances - one used for production use and another Backup andTesting Instance that is used for immediate backup and for testing newfeatures.

|Keyhole Markup Language is an XML notation for expressinggeographic annotation and visualization within Internet-based, two-dimensionalmaps and three-dimensional Earth browsers.

|A Unix-like and mostly POSIX-compliant computer operatingsystem assembled under the model of free and open-source software developmentand distribution.

|Provides information about an item's content. For example,an image may include metadata that describes how large the picture is, when theimage was created and other relevant information. A text document's metadatamay contain information about how long the document is, who the author is andwhen it was written.

|Model-View-Controller (MVC) is a software architecturalpattern for implementing user interfaces. It divides a given softwareapplication into three interconnected parts, so as to separate internalrepresentations of information from the ways that information is presented toor accepted from the user.

|Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) is a standard programminglanguage middleware API for accessing database management systems (DBMS). Thedesigners of ODBC aimed to make it independent of database systems andoperating systems.

|Operating System (OSX, Windows, Linux, Unix Android.).  The software that manages the basic operationof a computer.

|Portable Operating System Interface is a family ofstandards for maintaining compatibility between operating systems.POSIX definesthe API for software compatibility with variants of Unix and other operatingsystems.

|An http request that submits data to be processed to aspecified resource.

|Rich Text Format (RTF) is a proprietary document fileformat with published specification developed by Microsoft Corporation from1987 until 2008 for cross-platform document interchange with Microsoftproducts.

|Search Engine Optimization - the process of affecting thevisibility of a website or a web page in a search engine's "natural"or un-paid ("organic") search results.

|SmartBridge converts data entered into SmartSimple toformats readable by other programs (for example, Oracle, Crystal).

|SmartFolders provide on-line storage for files in a securecentral location that is accessible from any computer with Internet access.

|Secure Shell. Provides secure command line (DOS type) access to the operating systemwhen using Linux.

|User Acceptance Testing. The process by which a client accepts the configuration work performedby a vendor.

|Unix (all-caps UNIX for the trademark) is a multitasking,multi user computer operating system that exists in many variants, originallydeveloped at AT&T's Bell Labs research center.

|A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is also known as a webaddress, and is a specific character string that constitutes a reference to aresource. Most web browsers display the URL of a web page above the page in anaddress bar.  

|Universal Tracking Application^TM. Ahighly configurable application within the SmartSimple framework used byorganizations to create unique applications to meet their specific trackingneeds.

|Application whitelisting is a computer administrationpractice used to prevent unauthorized programs from running. This is primarilyto protect computers and networks from harmful applications.

|Extensible Markup Language is a markup language that definesa set of rules for encoding documents in a format which is legible to bothpeople and machines.

|Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer securityvulnerability typically found in web applications. XSS enables attackers toinject client-side script into web pages viewed by other users.

|Health Claims for Auto Insurance. The Ontario Governmentsystem for receipt and analysis of accident benefits claims.

|Independent Medical Examiner. An organization or individualthat provides an independent assessment of injuries after an accident thatinvolves an insurance claim.

|Canada Revenue Agency. Grants clients in Canada and the US use CRA to verify the eligibility oforganizations based on their not-for-profit status.   

|Corporate Social Responsibility. CSR are generally programscompanies have incorporated into their business model as their way to be"socially responsible" to the community. This can include everythingfrom supporting medical research initiatives to food banks, children's programsto animal welfare and financial literacy to building homes for families in needboth in a company's native country and abroad.

|eGrants are online systems designed to automate the entiregrants management process, and can include any or all of the following steps:

|Also known as the Federal Employer Identification Number(FEIN), the EIN is a unique nine-digit number assigned by the IRS to businessentities operating in the United States.

|A tool provided by The Foundation Center, hGrant allowsnon-profit organizations of any size to publish and share their informationonline with other non-profits, creating a community of information resourcesfor the not-for-profit sector.

|Internal Revenue Service (U.S.).  Grants clients in the US use IRS to verifythe eligibility of organizations based on their not-for-profit status.

*In the granting process, the first stage outlining theintent of the applicant in the hopes of being invited to complete a fullfunding application.

*In the SmartSimple sales process, a letter indicating theclients intent to purchase.

|The National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities (NTEE) system isused by the IRS and NCCS to classify non-profit organizations.

|Office of Foreign Asset Control (U.S.). This list isproduced by a variety of US government agencies (FBI, Homeland Security) andcontains all persons and organizations that are potentially terrorists.  SmartSimple clients in the U.S. must validatethat anyone they are dealing with - both organizations and contacts - are noton this list before providing any funds. This is a legal requirement and ismandatory.

|The Canadian Common CV (CCV) is a web-based applicationthat provides researchers with a single, common approach to gathering CVinformation required by federal, provincial and not-for-profit research fundingorganizations.

*In the granting process, the first stage outlining theintent of the applicant in the hopes of being invited to complete a fullfunding application.

*In the SmartSimple sales process, a letter indicating theclients intent to purchase.

|Open Researcher and Contributor ID.  This is both a system and anorganization.  Researchers can maintain aprofile in that system and automatically transfer parts of that profile to aresearch management system that has integrated with ORCiD.  SmartSimple is integrated with this system.

|The library of Congress (US) maintains a virtual library ofmore than 23 million documents on biomedical literature from MEDLINE, lifescience journals and online books.